Symbols for codes shorter than the prefix table index width are stored
in the table. All the entries in the table with an index starting with
the code are set to the symbol value. That way, when decoding it is
possible to get the number of bits corresponding to the table width from
the bitstream and directly find the symbol value. Longer code still need
to be searched for in the codes list.
A few tests for the Huffman decoder.
The encoding is the example from Wikipedia.
This could be improved by someone more knowledgeable by
generating one at runtime or using multiple encodings
which would each contain one edge case.
Cameron Cawley
Eugene Sandulenko
Bastien Bouclet
Tobia Tesan