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blacktop
3675b5156b
Resolve imported symbol names from kernelcache for reverse engineering. Scans all fileset entries to build a symbol map, then injects resolved addresses as N_ABS|N_EXT symbols into extracted KEXTs. (closes #182) - Add --imports to resolve undefined symbols from kernelcache - Add --force to overwrite existing files - Add -o shorthand for --output - Fix os.Stat error handling (propagate real errors, not just skip) - Fix typo: "KEXT-xtraction" → "KEXT extraction" - Update kernel extract guide with --imports example
35 KiB
35 KiB
description
| description |
|---|
| All the MANY ways you can parse a kernelcache. |
Parse kernelcache
kernel version
Dump kernelcache version
❯ ipsw kernel version kernelcache.release.iPhone14,2
"Darwin Kernel Version 21.5.0: Mon Mar 28 22:30:10 PDT 2022; root:xnu-8020.120.43.112.1~1/RELEASE_ARM64_T8110"
"Apple LLVM 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.3) [+internal-os, ptrauth-isa=deployment-target-based]"
Dump as JSON
❯ ipsw kernel version kernelcache.release.iPhone14,2 --json | jq .
{
"kernel": {
"darwin": "21.5.0",
"date": "2022-03-28T22:30:10Z",
"xnu": "8020.120.43.112.1~1",
"type": "RELEASE",
"arch": "ARM64",
"cpu": "T8110"
},
"llvm": {
"version": "13.1.6",
"clang": "1316.0.21.3",
"flags": ["+internal-os", "ptrauth-isa=deployment-target-based"]
}
}
kernel dec
Decompress a previously extracted kernelcache
❯ ipsw kernel dec kernelcache.release.iphone11
:::info
This only works when you have pull them directly out of the IPSW zip as a im4p file (you should just use ipsw extract --kernel IPSW instead)
:::
kernel extract
Extract KEXT(s) from kernelcache
❯ ipsw kernel extract kernelcache.release.iPhone15,2 com.apple.security.sandbox
• Created com.apple.security.sandbox
Extract to a specific directory
❯ ipsw kernel extract kernelcache.release.iPhone15,2 com.apple.security.sandbox -o /tmp/KEXTs
• Created /tmp/KEXTs/com.apple.security.sandbox
Extract all KEXTs
❯ ipsw kernel extract kernelcache.release.iPhone15,2 --all -o /tmp/KEXTs
• Extracting all KEXTs...
• Created /tmp/KEXTs/com.apple.kernel
• Created /tmp/KEXTs/com.apple.AGXFirmwareKextG15P_A0RTBuddy
• Created /tmp/KEXTs/com.apple.AGXFirmwareKextRTBuddy64
• Created /tmp/KEXTs/com.apple.AGXG15P_A0
<SNIP>
Extract with resolved import symbols for reverse engineering
❯ ipsw kernel extract kernelcache.release.iPhone15,2 com.apple.security.sandbox --imports -o /tmp/KEXTs
• Building kernelcache symbol map...
• Built kernelcache symbol map (286053 defined symbols)
• Created /tmp/KEXTs/com.apple.security.sandbox
:::info
This works on modern MH_FILESET kernelcaches. Extracted KEXTs are standalone MachO files with correct segment layout that load cleanly in IDA Pro and Ghidra.
--importsresolves undefined symbols (kernel APIs, other KEXT exports) by scanning all fileset entries and adding the resolved names to the KEXT's symbol table--forceoverwrites existing files :::
kernel kexts
List all the kernelcache's KEXTs
❯ ipsw kernel kexts kernelcache.release.iphone12.decompressed
FOUND: 230
com.apple.kpi.mach (19.2.0)
com.apple.kpi.private (19.2.0)
com.apple.kpi.unsupported (19.2.0)
com.apple.kpi.iokit (19.2.0)
com.apple.kpi.libkern (19.2.0)
com.apple.kpi.bsd (19.2.0)
com.apple.iokit.IONetworkingFamily (3.4)
com.apple.iokit.IOTimeSyncFamily (810.1)
com.apple.iokit.IOPCIFamily (2.9)
com.apple.driver.IOACIPCFamily (1)
com.apple.iokit.IOSkywalkFamily (1)
com.apple.driver.AppleIPAppender (1.0)
<SNIP>
Diff two kernelcache's KEXTs
❯ ipsw kernel kexts --diff 18A8395/kernelcache 18E5178a/kernelcache # iOS 14.1 vs. iOS 14.5beta4
• Differences found
com.apple.AGXFirmwareKextG14PRTBuddy (1)
com.apple.AGXFirmwareKextRTBuddy64 (187.3390.17.2)
com.apple.AGXG14P (187.3390.17.2)
com.apple.AUC (1.0)
<SNIP>
kernel symbolsets
Dump kernel symbolsets
❯ ipsw kernel symbolsets 20D47__iPhone15,2/kernelcache.release.iPhone15,2
Symbol Sets
===========
com.apple.kpi.bsd: (22.3.0)
---------------------------
_VNOP_BWRITE
_VNOP_FSYNC
_VNOP_IOCTL
_VNOP_READ
_VNOP_STRATEGY
_VNOP_WRITE
_advisory_read
_advisory_read_ext
_bcd2bin_data
_bdevsw_add
_bdevsw_isfree
_bdevsw_remove
<SNIP>
kernel ctfdump
Dump CTF info
KDK kernelcaches contain CTF - Compact ANSI-C Type Format data which is used by dtrace. It's a data format much like DWARF and contains and absolute treasure trove for peeps REing the kernels (types, globals and func signatures).
❯ ipsw ctfdump KDK
- CTF Header -----------------------------------------------------------------
Magic = 0xcff1
Version = 3
Flags = 0x1
Parent Label = (anon)
Parent Name = (anon)
Label Offset = 0
Obj Offset = 8
Func Offset = 0x247a
Type Offset = 0x1acf8
Str Offset = 0xda4f4
Str Len = 0x763dc
- Types ----------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] INTEGER short encoding=SIGNED offset=0 bits=16
<2> INTEGER char encoding=SIGNED CHAR offset=0 bits=8
[3] INTEGER unsigned char encoding=CHAR offset=0 bits=8
<4> TYPEDEF u_char refers to 3
<5> POINTER (anon) refers to 2
<6> TYPEDEF caddr_t refers to 5
[7] UNION (anon) (8 bytes)
rmu_mask type=6 off=0x0
rmu_leaf type=15 off=0x0
<8> INTEGER int encoding=SIGNED offset=0 bits=32
<9> STRUCT radix_mask (32 bytes)
rm_bit type=1 off=0x0
rm_unused type=2 off=0x10
rm_flags type=4 off=0x18
rm_mklist type=10 off=0x40
rm_rmu type=7 off=0x80
rm_refs type=8 off=0xc0
<SNIP>
- Data Objects ---------------------------------------------------------------
0xfffffe00072bf0a0: <unknown> AccelerateCrypto_SHA256_compress
0xfffffe00071b4ce8: boot_args * BootArgs
0xfffffe0007dc0b20: cpu_data_entry_t[8] CpuDataEntries
0xfffffe00072a4a58: RealDTEntry DTRootNode
0xfffffe0007dc1dd0: unsigned int DebugContextCount
0xfffffe0007dfd708: <unknown> IOLockGroup
0xfffffe0007dfd6fc: <unknown> IOZeroTvalspec
0xfffffe000700b114: const audit_token_t KERNEL_AUDIT_TOKEN
0xfffffe000700b10c: const security_token_t KERNEL_SECURITY_TOKEN
0xfffffe00071ab838: struct kalloc_heap[1] KHEAP_DATA_BUFFERS
0xfffffe00071ab240: struct kalloc_heap[1] KHEAP_DEFAULT
0xfffffe0007243660: struct kalloc_heap[1] KHEAP_DTRACE
0xfffffe00071abd10: struct kalloc_heap[1] KHEAP_KEXT
0xfffffe00072458a0: struct kalloc_heap[1] KHEAP_VFS_BIO
<SNIP>
- Functions ------------------------------------------------------------------
0xfffffe0007cce944: void Assert();
0xfffffe0007943624: int CURSIG(proc_t);
0xfffffe00074df8c8: void ClearIdlePop();
0xfffffe00073250dc: void Debugger();
0xfffffe00074dd82c: void DebuggerCall();
0xfffffe0007324ebc: kern_return_t DebuggerTrapWithState(debugger_op, const char *, const char *, va_list *, uint64_t, void *, boolean_t, unsigned long);
0xfffffe00073250f0: void DebuggerWithContext();
0xfffffe00074dd608: void DebuggerXCall();
0xfffffe00074dd070: kern_return_t DebuggerXCallEnter(boolean_t);
0xfffffe00074dd554: void DebuggerXCallReturn();
0xfffffe000748eb1c: unsigned int IODefaultCacheBits(addr64_t);
0xfffffe000748ee0c: ppnum_t IOGetLastPageNumber();
0xfffffe000748ee14: void IOGetTime();
0xfffffe000748eb2c: kern_return_t IOMapPages(vm_map_t, mach_vm_address_t, mach_vm_address_t, mach_vm_size_t, unsigned int);
Dump as JSON
❯ ipsw ctfdump KDK --json
• Creating ctfdump.json
{
"header": {
"preamble": {
"magic": 53233,
"version": 3,
"flags": 1
},
"obj_offset": 8,
"func_offset": 9338,
"type_offset": 109816,
"str_offset": 894196,
"str_len": 484316,
"parent_label": "(anon)",
"parent_name": "(anon)"
},
"types": {
"1": {
"id": 1,
"name": "short",
"info": {
"kind": "INTEGER",
"var_len": 1
},
"encoding": {
"encoding": "SIGNED",
"bits": 16
}
},
"10": {
"id": 10,
"name": "(anon)",
"info": {
"kind": "POINTER"
},
"reference": "struct radix_mask"
},
<SNIP>
Dump a single type
❯ ipsw ctfdump KDK/macOS12beta/kernel.development.t8101 task > task.h
❯ cat task.h
struct task
{ // (1728 bytes)
lck_mtx_t lock; // off=0x0
os_refcnt_t ref_count; // off=0x80
struct os_refgrp *ref_group; // off=0x100
lck_spin_t ref_group_lock; // off=0x140
_Bool active; // off=0x1c0
_Bool ipc_active; // off=0x1c8
_Bool halting; // off=0x1d0
_Bool message_app_suspended; // off=0x1d8
uint32_t vtimers; // off=0x1e0
uint64_t task_uniqueid; // off=0x200
vm_map_t __ptrauth(DA, true, 5ef8) map; // off=0x240
queue_chain_t tasks; // off=0x280
struct task_watchports *watchports; // off=0x300
turnstile_inheritor_t returnwait_inheritor; // off=0x340
sched_group_t sched_group; // off=0x380
queue_head_t threads; // off=0x3c0
struct restartable_ranges *restartable_ranges; // off=0x440
processor_set_t pset_hint; // off=0x480
struct affinity_space *affinity_space; // off=0x4c0
int thread_count; // off=0x500
uint32_t active_thread_count; // off=0x520
int suspend_count; // off=0x540
integer_t user_stop_count; // off=0x560
integer_t legacy_stop_count; // off=0x580
int16_t priority; // off=0x5a0
int16_t max_priority; // off=0x5b0
integer_t importance; // off=0x5c0
security_token_t sec_token; // off=0x5e0
audit_token_t audit_token; // off=0x620
uint64_t total_user_time; // off=0x740
uint64_t total_system_time; // off=0x780
uint64_t total_ptime; // off=0x7c0
uint64_t total_runnable_time; // off=0x800
lck_mtx_t itk_lock_data; // off=0x840
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, 68c5) itk_task_ports[4]; // off=0x8c0
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, 4447) itk_settable_self; // off=0x9c0
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, 58ef) itk_self; // off=0xa00
struct exception_action exc_actions[14]; // off=0xa40
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, bb51) itk_host; // off=0x1840
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, e868) itk_bootstrap; // off=0x1880
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, b8b1) itk_debug_control; // off=0x18c0
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, ba93) itk_task_access; // off=0x1900
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, 0ecf) itk_resume; // off=0x1940
struct ipc_port *__ptrauth(DA, true, a454) itk_registered[3]; // off=0x1980
ipc_port_t *__ptrauth(DA, true, ec7b) itk_dyld_notify; // off=0x1a40
struct ipc_space *__ptrauth(DA, true, 8280) itk_space; // off=0x1a80
ledger_t ledger; // off=0x1ac0
queue_head_t semaphore_list; // off=0x1b00
int semaphores_owned; // off=0x1b80
unsigned int priv_flags; // off=0x1ba0
void *__ptrauth(DA, true, 1d9a) task_debug; // off=0x1bc0
uint64_t rop_pid; // off=0x1c00
uint64_t jop_pid; // off=0x1c40
uint8_t disable_user_jop; // off=0x1c80
arm64_uexc_region_t uexc; // off=0x1cc0
counter_t faults; // off=0x1dc0
integer_t decompressions; // off=0x1e00
integer_t pageins; // off=0x1e20
integer_t cow_faults; // off=0x1e40
integer_t messages_sent; // off=0x1e60
integer_t messages_received; // off=0x1e80
integer_t syscalls_mach; // off=0x1ea0
integer_t syscalls_unix; // off=0x1ec0
uint32_t c_switch; // off=0x1ee0
uint32_t p_switch; // off=0x1f00
uint32_t ps_switch; // off=0x1f20
void *__ptrauth(DA, true, ce5a) bsd_info; // off=0x1f40
kcdata_descriptor_t corpse_info; // off=0x1f80
uint64_t crashed_thread_id; // off=0x1fc0
queue_chain_t corpse_tasks; // off=0x2000
struct label *crash_label; // off=0x2080
uint8_t *mach_trap_filter_mask; // off=0x20c0
uint8_t *mach_kobj_filter_mask; // off=0x2100
struct vm_shared_region *shared_region; // off=0x2140
char *shared_region_id; // off=0x2180
_Bool shared_region_auth_remapped; // off=0x21c0
volatile uint32_t t_flags; // off=0x21e0
uint32_t t_procflags; // off=0x2200
uint8_t t_returnwaitflags; // off=0x2220
mach_vm_address_t all_image_info_addr; // off=0x2240
mach_vm_size_t all_image_info_size; // off=0x2280
uint32_t t_kpc; // off=0x22c0
boolean_t pidsuspended; // off=0x22e0
boolean_t frozen; // off=0x2300
boolean_t changing_freeze_state; // off=0x2320
unsigned short policy_ru_cpu; // off=0x2340
unsigned short policy_ru_cpu_ext; // off=0x2344
unsigned short applied_ru_cpu; // off=0x2348
unsigned short applied_ru_cpu_ext; // off=0x234c
uint8_t rusage_cpu_flags; // off=0x2350
uint8_t rusage_cpu_percentage; // off=0x2358
uint8_t rusage_cpu_perthr_percentage; // off=0x2360
int8_t suspends_outstanding; // off=0x2368
uint64_t rusage_cpu_interval; // off=0x2380
uint64_t rusage_cpu_perthr_interval; // off=0x23c0
uint64_t rusage_cpu_deadline; // off=0x2400
thread_call_t rusage_cpu_callt; // off=0x2440
queue_head_t task_watchers; // off=0x2480
int num_taskwatchers; // off=0x2500
int watchapplying; // off=0x2520
struct bank_task *bank_context; // off=0x2540
struct ipc_importance_task *task_imp_base; // off=0x2580
vm_extmod_statistics_data_t extmod_statistics; // off=0x25c0
struct task_requested_policy requested_policy; // off=0x2740
struct task_effective_policy effective_policy; // off=0x2780
unsigned int low_mem_notified_warn; // off=0x27c0
unsigned int low_mem_notified_critical; // off=0x27c1
unsigned int purged_memory_warn; // off=0x27c2
unsigned int purged_memory_critical; // off=0x27c3
unsigned int low_mem_privileged_listener; // off=0x27c4
unsigned int mem_notify_reserved; // off=0x27c5
unsigned int memlimit_is_active; // off=0x27e0
unsigned int memlimit_is_fatal; // off=0x27e1
unsigned int memlimit_active_exc_resource; // off=0x27e2
unsigned int memlimit_inactive_exc_resource; // off=0x27e3
unsigned int memlimit_attrs_reserved; // off=0x27e4
io_stat_info_t task_io_stats; // off=0x2800
struct task_writes_counters task_writes_counters_internal; // off=0x2840
struct task_writes_counters task_writes_counters_external; // off=0x2940
struct _cpu_time_qos_stats cpu_time_eqos_stats; // off=0x2a40
struct _cpu_time_qos_stats cpu_time_rqos_stats; // off=0x2c00
uint32_t task_timer_wakeups_bin_1; // off=0x2dc0
uint32_t task_timer_wakeups_bin_2; // off=0x2de0
uint64_t task_gpu_ns; // off=0x2e00
uint64_t task_energy; // off=0x2e40
struct mt_task task_monotonic; // off=0x2e80
uint8_t task_can_transfer_memory_ownership; // off=0x2f00
uint8_t task_no_footprint_for_debug; // off=0x2f08
uint8_t task_objects_disowning; // off=0x2f10
uint8_t task_objects_disowned; // off=0x2f18
int task_volatile_objects; // off=0x2f20
int task_nonvolatile_objects; // off=0x2f40
int task_owned_objects; // off=0x2f60
queue_head_t task_objq; // off=0x2f80
lck_mtx_t task_objq_lock; // off=0x3000
unsigned int task_thread_limit; // off=0x3080
unsigned int task_legacy_footprint; // off=0x3090
unsigned int task_extra_footprint_limit; // off=0x3091
unsigned int task_ios13extended_footprint_limit; // off=0x3092
unsigned int task_region_footprint; // off=0x3093
unsigned int task_has_crossed_thread_limit; // off=0x3094
uint32_t exec_token; // off=0x30a0
coalition_t coalition[2]; // off=0x30c0
queue_chain_t task_coalition[2]; // off=0x3140
uint64_t dispatchqueue_offset; // off=0x3240
boolean_t task_unnested; // off=0x3280
int task_disconnected_count; // off=0x32a0
void *__ptrauth(DA, true, 1f57) hv_task_target; // off=0x32c0
task_exc_guard_behavior_t task_exc_guard; // off=0x3300
task_control_port_options_t task_control_port_options; // off=0x3320
queue_head_t io_user_clients; // off=0x3340
mach_vm_address_t mach_header_vm_address; // off=0x33c0
uint32_t loadTag; // off=0x3400
uint64_t task_fs_metadata_writes; // off=0x3440
uint32_t task_shared_region_slide; // off=0x3480
uuid_t task_shared_region_uuid; // off=0x34a0
uint64_t memstat_dirty_start; // off=0x3540
vmobject_list_output_t corpse_vmobject_list; // off=0x3580
uint64_t corpse_vmobject_list_size; // off=0x35c0
};
Diff two versions of the same struct
❯ ipsw kernel ctfdump --diff task \
/Library/Developer/KDKs/KDK_13.0_22A5352e.kdk/System/Library/Kernels/kernel.development.t6000 \
/Library/Developer/KDKs/KDK_13.1_22C65.kdk/System/Library/Kernels/kernel.development.t6000
• Differences found
❌ removed:
task_control_port_options_t task_control_port_options; // off=0x620
kernel dwarf
🚧 Dump DWARF debug information
Dump the task struct (and pretty print with clang-format)
❯ ipsw kernel dwarf --type task \
KDK_13.1_22C65.kdk/**/kernel.development.t6000.dSYM/**/kernel.development.t6000 \
| clang-format -style='{AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: true}' --assume-filename task.h
struct task {
lck_mtx_t lock; // @ 0x0
os_refcnt_t ref_count; // @ 0x10
struct os_refgrp *ref_group; // @ 0x20
lck_spin_t ref_group_lock; // @ 0x28
_Bool active; // @ 0x38
_Bool ipc_active; // @ 0x39
_Bool halting; // @ 0x3a
_Bool message_app_suspended; // @ 0x3b
uint32_t vtimers; // @ 0x3c
uint32_t loadTag; // @ 0x40
uint64_t task_uniqueid; // @ 0x48
__ptrauth(DA, true, 5ef8) map; // @ 0x50
queue_chain_t tasks; // @ 0x58
struct task_watchports *watchports; // @ 0x68
turnstile_inheritor_t returnwait_inheritor; // @ 0x70
sched_group_t sched_group; // @ 0x78
queue_head_t threads; // @ 0x80
struct restartable_ranges *t_rr_ranges; // @ 0x90
processor_set_t pset_hint; // @ 0x98
struct affinity_space *affinity_space; // @ 0xa0
int thread_count; // @ 0xa8
uint32_t active_thread_count; // @ 0xac
int suspend_count; // @ 0xb0
integer_t user_stop_count; // @ 0xb4
integer_t legacy_stop_count; // @ 0xb8
int16_t priority; // @ 0xbc
int16_t max_priority; // @ 0xbe
integer_t importance; // @ 0xc0
uint64_t total_runnable_time; // @ 0xc8
struct recount_task tk_recount; // @ 0xd0
lck_mtx_t itk_lock_data; // @ 0xe0
__ptrauth(DA, true, 68c5) itk_task_ports[4]; // @ 0xf0
__ptrauth(DA, true, 4447) itk_settable_self; // @ 0x110
__ptrauth(DA, true, 58ef) itk_self; // @ 0x118
struct exception_action exc_actions[14]; // @ 0x120
__ptrauth(DA, true, bb51) itk_host; // @ 0x2e0
__ptrauth(DA, true, e868) itk_bootstrap; // @ 0x2e8
__ptrauth(DA, true, b8b1) itk_debug_control; // @ 0x2f0
__ptrauth(DA, true, ba93) itk_task_access; // @ 0x2f8
__ptrauth(DA, true, ecf) itk_resume; // @ 0x300
__ptrauth(DA, true, a454) itk_registered[3]; // @ 0x308
__ptrauth(DA, true, ec7b) itk_dyld_notify; // @ 0x320
__ptrauth(DA, true, 46e7) itk_resource_notify; // @ 0x328
__ptrauth(DA, true, 8280) itk_space; // @ 0x330
ledger_t ledger; // @ 0x338
queue_head_t semaphore_list; // @ 0x340
int semaphores_owned; // @ 0x350
unsigned int priv_flags; // @ 0x354
__ptrauth(DA, true, 1d9a) task_debug; // @ 0x358
uint64_t rop_pid; // @ 0x360
uint64_t jop_pid; // @ 0x368
uint8_t disable_user_jop; // @ 0x370
arm64_uexc_region_t uexc; // @ 0x378
_Bool preserve_x18; // @ 0x398
counter_t faults; // @ 0x3a0
counter_t pageins; // @ 0x3a8
counter_t cow_faults; // @ 0x3b0
counter_t messages_sent; // @ 0x3b8
counter_t messages_received; // @ 0x3c0
uint32_t decompressions; // @ 0x3c8
uint32_t syscalls_mach; // @ 0x3cc
uint32_t syscalls_unix; // @ 0x3d0
uint32_t c_switch; // @ 0x3d4
uint32_t p_switch; // @ 0x3d8
uint32_t ps_switch; // @ 0x3dc
struct proc_ro *bsd_info_ro; // @ 0x3e0
kcdata_descriptor_t corpse_info; // @ 0x3e8
uint64_t crashed_thread_id; // @ 0x3f0
queue_chain_t corpse_tasks; // @ 0x3f8
struct label *crash_label; // @ 0x408
volatile uint32_t t_flags; // @ 0x410
uint32_t t_procflags; // @ 0x414
mach_vm_address_t all_image_info_addr; // @ 0x418
mach_vm_size_t all_image_info_size; // @ 0x420
uint32_t t_kpc; // @ 0x428
_Bool pidsuspended; // @ 0x42c
_Bool frozen; // @ 0x42d
_Bool changing_freeze_state; // @ 0x42e
_Bool is_large_corpse; // @ 0x42f
uint16_t policy_ru_cpu : 4 @8576; // @ 0x0
uint16_t policy_ru_cpu_ext : 4 @8580; // @ 0x0
uint16_t applied_ru_cpu : 4 @8584; // @ 0x0
uint16_t applied_ru_cpu_ext : 4 @8588; // @ 0x0
uint8_t rusage_cpu_flags; // @ 0x432
uint8_t rusage_cpu_percentage; // @ 0x433
uint8_t rusage_cpu_perthr_percentage; // @ 0x434
int8_t suspends_outstanding; // @ 0x435
uint8_t t_returnwaitflags; // @ 0x436
_Bool shared_region_auth_remapped; // @ 0x437
char *shared_region_id; // @ 0x438
struct vm_shared_region *shared_region; // @ 0x440
uint64_t rusage_cpu_interval; // @ 0x448
uint64_t rusage_cpu_perthr_interval; // @ 0x450
uint64_t rusage_cpu_deadline; // @ 0x458
thread_call_t rusage_cpu_callt; // @ 0x460
queue_head_t task_watchers; // @ 0x468
int num_taskwatchers; // @ 0x478
int watchapplying; // @ 0x47c
struct bank_task *bank_context; // @ 0x480
struct ipc_importance_task *task_imp_base; // @ 0x488
vm_extmod_statistics_data_t extmod_statistics; // @ 0x490
struct task_requested_policy requested_policy; // @ 0x4c0
struct task_effective_policy effective_policy; // @ 0x4c8
uint32_t low_mem_notified_warn : 1 @9856; // @ 0x0
uint32_t low_mem_notified_critical : 1 @9857; // @ 0x0
uint32_t purged_memory_warn : 1 @9858; // @ 0x0
uint32_t purged_memory_critical : 1 @9859; // @ 0x0
uint32_t low_mem_privileged_listener : 1 @9860; // @ 0x0
uint32_t mem_notify_reserved : 27 @9861; // @ 0x0
uint32_t memlimit_is_active : 1 @9888; // @ 0x0
uint32_t memlimit_is_fatal : 1 @9889; // @ 0x0
uint32_t memlimit_active_exc_resource : 1 @9890; // @ 0x0
uint32_t memlimit_inactive_exc_resource : 1 @9891; // @ 0x0
uint32_t memlimit_attrs_reserved : 28 @9892; // @ 0x0
io_stat_info_t task_io_stats; // @ 0x4d8
struct task_writes_counters task_writes_counters_internal; // @ 0x4e0
struct task_writes_counters task_writes_counters_external; // @ 0x500
struct _cpu_time_qos_stats cpu_time_eqos_stats; // @ 0x520
struct _cpu_time_qos_stats cpu_time_rqos_stats; // @ 0x558
uint32_t task_timer_wakeups_bin_1; // @ 0x590
uint32_t task_timer_wakeups_bin_2; // @ 0x594
uint64_t task_gpu_ns; // @ 0x598
uint8_t task_can_transfer_memory_ownership; // @ 0x5a0
uint8_t task_no_footprint_for_debug; // @ 0x5a1
uint8_t task_objects_disowning; // @ 0x5a2
uint8_t task_objects_disowned; // @ 0x5a3
int task_volatile_objects; // @ 0x5a4
int task_nonvolatile_objects; // @ 0x5a8
int task_owned_objects; // @ 0x5ac
queue_head_t task_objq; // @ 0x5b0
lck_mtx_t task_objq_lock; // @ 0x5c0
unsigned int task_thread_limit : 16 @11904; // @ 0x0
unsigned int task_legacy_footprint : 1 @11920; // @ 0x0
unsigned int task_extra_footprint_limit : 1 @11921; // @ 0x0
unsigned int task_ios13extended_footprint_limit : 1 @11922; // @ 0x0
unsigned int task_region_footprint : 1 @11923; // @ 0x0
unsigned int task_has_crossed_thread_limit : 1 @11924; // @ 0x0
unsigned int task_rr_in_flight : 1 @11925; // @ 0x0
uint32_t exec_token; // @ 0x5d4
coalition_t coalition[2]; // @ 0x5d8
queue_chain_t task_coalition[2]; // @ 0x5e8
uint64_t dispatchqueue_offset; // @ 0x608
boolean_t task_unnested; // @ 0x610
int task_disconnected_count; // @ 0x614
__ptrauth(DA, true, 1f57) hv_task_target; // @ 0x618
task_exc_guard_behavior_t task_exc_guard; // @ 0x620
mach_vm_address_t mach_header_vm_address; // @ 0x628
queue_head_t io_user_clients; // @ 0x630
boolean_t donates_own_pages; // @ 0x640
uint32_t task_shared_region_slide; // @ 0x644
uint64_t task_fs_metadata_writes; // @ 0x648
uuid_t task_shared_region_uuid; // @ 0x650
uint64_t memstat_dirty_start; // @ 0x660
vmobject_list_output_t corpse_vmobject_list; // @ 0x668
uint64_t corpse_vmobject_list_size; // @ 0x670
vm_deferred_reclamation_metadata_t deferred_reclamation_metadata; // @ 0x678
}
Diff two versions of a struct
❯ ipsw kernel dwarf --diff --type task \
KDK_13.0_22A5352e.kdk/**/kernel.development.t6000 \
KDK_13.1_22C65.kdk/**/kernel.development.t6000
• Differences found
❌ removed:
task_control_port_options_t task_control_port_options; // @ 0xc4
Diff ALL structs
❯ ipsw kernel dwarf --diff
? Which KDKs would you like to diff (select 2): /Library/Developer/KDKs/KDK_14.4_23E5180j.kdk, /Library/Developer/KDKs/KDK_14.4_23E5191e.kdk
? Choose a kernel type to diff: kernel.release.t6030
• Diffing all structs