diff --git a/Sources/ProjectSpec/AggregateTarget.swift b/Sources/ProjectSpec/AggregateTarget.swift
index 45fcba14..27c445bc 100644
--- a/Sources/ProjectSpec/AggregateTarget.swift
+++ b/Sources/ProjectSpec/AggregateTarget.swift
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import JSONUtilities
+import struct PathKit.Path
 
 public struct AggregateTarget: ProjectTarget {
     public var name: String
@@ -61,3 +62,17 @@ extension AggregateTarget: NamedJSONDictionaryConvertible {
         attributes = jsonDictionary.json(atKeyPath: "attributes") ?? [:]
     }
 }
+
+extension AggregateTarget: PathContaining {
+
+    static func expandPaths(for source: [String: JSONDictionary], relativeTo path: Path) -> [String: JSONDictionary] {
+        var result = source
+
+        for (targetName, var target) in result {
+            target = expandStringPaths(from: target, forKey: "configFiles", relativeTo: path)
+            target = expandChildPaths(from: target, forKey: "buildScripts", relativeTo: path, type: BuildScript.self)
+            result[targetName] = target
+        }
+        return result
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/ProjectSpec/BuildScript.swift b/Sources/ProjectSpec/BuildScript.swift
index 30b63404..6d3315bd 100644
--- a/Sources/ProjectSpec/BuildScript.swift
+++ b/Sources/ProjectSpec/BuildScript.swift
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import JSONUtilities
+import struct PathKit.Path
 
 public struct BuildScript: Equatable {
 
@@ -53,3 +54,10 @@ extension BuildScript: JSONObjectConvertible {
         showEnvVars = jsonDictionary.json(atKeyPath: "showEnvVars") ?? true
     }
 }
+
+extension BuildScript: PathContaining {
+
+    static func expandPaths(for source: JSONDictionary, relativeTo path: Path) -> JSONDictionary {
+        return expandStringPaths(from: source, forKey: "path", relativeTo: path)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/ProjectSpec/Dependency.swift b/Sources/ProjectSpec/Dependency.swift
index 722aae65..76641d8f 100644
--- a/Sources/ProjectSpec/Dependency.swift
+++ b/Sources/ProjectSpec/Dependency.swift
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import JSONUtilities
+import struct PathKit.Path
 
 public struct Dependency: Equatable {
 
@@ -72,3 +73,10 @@ extension Dependency: JSONObjectConvertible {
         }
     }
 }
+
+extension Dependency: PathContaining {
+    
+    static func expandPaths(for source: JSONDictionary, relativeTo path: Path) -> JSONDictionary {
+        return expandStringPaths(from: source, forKey: "framework", relativeTo: path)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/ProjectSpec/Plist.swift b/Sources/ProjectSpec/Plist.swift
index 5b2a502a..d66721a2 100644
--- a/Sources/ProjectSpec/Plist.swift
+++ b/Sources/ProjectSpec/Plist.swift
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import JSONUtilities
+import struct PathKit.Path
 
 public struct Plist: Equatable {
 
@@ -24,3 +25,9 @@ extension Plist: JSONObjectConvertible {
         properties = jsonDictionary.json(atKeyPath: "properties") ?? [:]
     }
 }
+
+extension Plist: PathContaining {
+    static func expandPaths(for source: JSONDictionary, relativeTo path: Path) -> JSONDictionary {
+        return expandStringPaths(from: source, forKey: "path", relativeTo: path)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/ProjectSpec/Project.swift b/Sources/ProjectSpec/Project.swift
index c5f78e52..2f948f26 100644
--- a/Sources/ProjectSpec/Project.swift
+++ b/Sources/ProjectSpec/Project.swift
@@ -168,6 +168,30 @@ extension Project {
     }
 }
 
+extension Project: PathContaining {
+
+    static func expandPaths(for spec: Spec, relativeTo basePath: Path = "") -> Spec {
+        let relativePath = (basePath + spec.relativePath).normalize()
+        guard relativePath != Path() else {
+            return spec
+        }
+        
+        var jsonDictionary = spec.jsonDictionary
+
+        jsonDictionary = expandStringPaths(from: jsonDictionary, forKey: "configFiles", relativeTo: relativePath)
+        jsonDictionary = expandChildPaths(from: jsonDictionary, forKey: "options", relativeTo: relativePath, type: SpecOptions.self)
+        jsonDictionary = expandChildPaths(from: jsonDictionary, forKey: "targets", relativeTo: relativePath, type: Target.self)
+        jsonDictionary = expandChildPaths(from: jsonDictionary, forKey: "aggregateTargets", relativeTo: relativePath, type: AggregateTarget.self)
+        return Spec(
+            relativePath: spec.relativePath,
+            jsonDictionary: jsonDictionary,
+            subSpecs: spec.subSpecs.map { template in
+                return Project.expandPaths(for: template, relativeTo: relativePath)
+            }
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 extension Project {
 
     public var allFiles: [Path] {
diff --git a/Sources/ProjectSpec/SpecOptions.swift b/Sources/ProjectSpec/SpecOptions.swift
index f218c88b..295fdbb3 100644
--- a/Sources/ProjectSpec/SpecOptions.swift
+++ b/Sources/ProjectSpec/SpecOptions.swift
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import JSONUtilities
+import struct PathKit.Path
 
 public struct SpecOptions: Equatable {
 
@@ -120,3 +121,15 @@ extension SpecOptions: JSONObjectConvertible {
         generateEmptyDirectories = jsonDictionary.json(atKeyPath: "generateEmptyDirectories") ?? false
     }
 }
+
+extension SpecOptions: PathContaining {
+    
+    static func expandPaths(for source: JSONDictionary, relativeTo path: Path) -> JSONDictionary {
+        var result = source
+
+        result = expandStringPaths(from: result, forKey: "carthageBuildPath", relativeTo: path)
+        result = expandStringPaths(from: result, forKey: "carthageExecutablePath", relativeTo: path)
+        result = expandStringPaths(from: result, forKey: "defaultConfig", relativeTo: path)
+        return result
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/ProjectSpec/Target.swift b/Sources/ProjectSpec/Target.swift
index b7727e66..3cd7aed4 100644
--- a/Sources/ProjectSpec/Target.swift
+++ b/Sources/ProjectSpec/Target.swift
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import JSONUtilities
+import struct PathKit.Path
 import xcodeproj
 
 public struct LegacyTarget: Equatable {
@@ -110,6 +111,30 @@ extension Target: CustomStringConvertible {
     }
 }
 
+extension Target: PathContaining {
+
+    static func expandPaths(for source: [String: JSONDictionary], relativeTo path: Path) -> [String: JSONDictionary] {
+        var result = source
+        for (targetName, var target) in result {
+
+            // sources can either be an array of strings or an array of objects, so attempt to expand both
+            target = expandStringPaths(from: target, forKey: "sources", relativeTo: path)
+            target = expandChildPaths(from: target, forKey: "sources", relativeTo: path, type: TargetSource.self)
+
+            target = expandStringPaths(from: target, forKey: "configFiles", relativeTo: path)
+            target = expandChildPaths(from: target, forKey: "dependencies", relativeTo: path, type: Dependency.self)
+            target = expandChildPaths(from: target, forKey: "info", relativeTo: path, type: Plist.self)
+            target = expandChildPaths(from: target, forKey: "entitlements", relativeTo: path, type: Plist.self)
+            target = expandChildPaths(from: target, forPotentialKeys: ["preBuildScripts", "prebuildScripts"], relativeTo: path, type: BuildScript.self)
+            target = expandChildPaths(from: target, forKey: "postCompileScripts", relativeTo: path, type: BuildScript.self)
+            target = expandChildPaths(from: target, forKey: "postBuildScripts", relativeTo: path, type: BuildScript.self)
+
+            result[targetName] = target
+        }
+        return result
+    }
+}
+
 extension Target {
 
     static func resolveTargetTemplates(jsonDictionary: JSONDictionary) throws -> JSONDictionary {
diff --git a/Sources/ProjectSpec/TargetSource.swift b/Sources/ProjectSpec/TargetSource.swift
index fe51e445..4ad78dde 100644
--- a/Sources/ProjectSpec/TargetSource.swift
+++ b/Sources/ProjectSpec/TargetSource.swift
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import JSONUtilities
-import PathKit
+import struct PathKit.Path
 import xcodeproj
 
 public struct TargetSource: Equatable {
@@ -207,3 +207,14 @@ extension TargetSource.BuildPhase.CopyFilesSettings: JSONObjectConvertible {
         phaseOrder = .postCompile
     }
 }
+
+extension TargetSource: PathContaining {
+
+    static func expandPaths(for source: JSONDictionary, relativeTo path: Path) -> JSONDictionary {
+        var result = source
+
+        result = expandStringPaths(from: result, forKey: "path", relativeTo: path)
+        result = expandStringPaths(from: result, forKey: "excludes", relativeTo: path)
+        return result
+    }
+}