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Paul O’Shannessy
509 lines
20 KiB
HTML
509 lines
20 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
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<title>入门教程 | React</title>
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<meta property="og:title" content="入门教程 | React">
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React
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<li><a href="/react/docs/getting-started.html" class="active">docs</a></li>
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<div class="nav-docs">
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<!-- Docs Nav -->
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<h3>Quick Start</h3>
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<a href="/react/docs/getting-started.html">Getting Started</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/tutorial.html">Tutorial</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/thinking-in-react.html">Thinking in React</a>
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<h3>Community Resources</h3>
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<a href="/react/docs/videos.html">Videos</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/examples.html">Examples</a>
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<h3>Guides</h3>
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<a href="/react/docs/why-react.html">Why React?</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/displaying-data.html">Displaying Data</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/jsx-in-depth.html">JSX in Depth</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/jsx-spread.html">JSX Spread Attributes</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/jsx-gotchas.html">JSX Gotchas</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/interactivity-and-dynamic-uis.html">Interactivity and Dynamic UIs</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/multiple-components.html">Multiple Components</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/reusable-components.html">Reusable Components</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/transferring-props.html">Transferring Props</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/forms.html">Forms</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/working-with-the-browser.html">Working With the Browser</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/more-about-refs.html">More About Refs</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/tooling-integration.html">Tooling Integration</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/addons.html">Add-Ons</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/animation.html">Animation</a>
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<a href="/react/docs/two-way-binding-helpers.html">Two-Way Binding Helpers</a>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/class-name-manipulation.html">Class Name Manipulation</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/test-utils.html">Test Utilities</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/clone-with-props.html">Cloning Components</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/update.html">Immutability Helpers</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/pure-render-mixin.html">PureRenderMixin</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/perf.html">Performance Tools</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="nav-docs-section">
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<h3>Reference</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/top-level-api.html">Top-Level API</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/component-api.html">Component API</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/component-specs.html">Component Specs and Lifecycle</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/tags-and-attributes.html">Supported Tags and Attributes</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/events.html">Event System</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/dom-differences.html">DOM Differences</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/special-non-dom-attributes.html">Special Non-DOM Attributes</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/reconciliation.html">Reconciliation</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/docs/glossary.html">React (Virtual) DOM Terminology</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="nav-docs-section">
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<h3>Flux</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="http://facebook.github.io/flux/docs/overview.html">Flux Overview</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="http://facebook.github.io/flux/docs/todo-list.html">Flux TodoMVC Tutorial</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<!-- Tips Nav -->
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<div class="nav-docs-section">
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<h3>Tips</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/inline-styles.html">Inline Styles</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/if-else-in-JSX.html">If-Else in JSX</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/self-closing-tag.html">Self-Closing Tag</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/maximum-number-of-jsx-root-nodes.html">Maximum Number of JSX Root Nodes</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/style-props-value-px.html">Shorthand for Specifying Pixel Values in style props</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/children-props-type.html">Type of the Children props</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/controlled-input-null-value.html">Value of null for Controlled Input</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/componentWillReceiveProps-not-triggered-after-mounting.html">componentWillReceiveProps Not Triggered After Mounting</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/props-in-getInitialState-as-anti-pattern.html">Props in getInitialState Is an Anti-Pattern</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/dom-event-listeners.html">DOM Event Listeners in a Component</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/initial-ajax.html">Load Initial Data via AJAX</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/false-in-jsx.html">False in JSX</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/communicate-between-components.html">Communicate Between Components</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/expose-component-functions.html">Expose Component Functions</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/references-to-components.html">References to Components</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/children-undefined.html">this.props.children undefined</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/use-react-with-other-libraries.html">Use React with Other Libraries</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="inner-content">
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<h1>
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入门教程
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<a class="edit-page-link" href="https://github.com/facebook/react/tree/master/docs/docs/getting-started.zh-CN.md" target="_blank">Edit on GitHub</a>
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</h1>
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<div class="subHeader"></div>
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<h2><a class="anchor" name="jsfiddle"></a>JSFiddle <a class="hash-link" href="#jsfiddle">#</a></h2>
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<p>开始 Hack React 的最简单的方法是用下面 JSFiddle 的Hello Worlds：</p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/reactjs/69z2wepo/">React JSFiddle</a></strong></li>
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<li><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/reactjs/5vjqabv3/">React JSFiddle without JSX</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h2><a class="anchor" name="-starter-kit"></a>入门教程包 (Starter Kit) <a class="hash-link" href="#-starter-kit">#</a></h2>
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<p>开始先下载入门教程包。</p>
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<div class="buttons-unit downloads">
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<a href="/react/downloads/react-0.12.2.zip" class="button">
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下载入门教程 0.12.2
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</a>
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</div>
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<p>在入门教程包的根目录，创建一个含有下面代码的 <code>helloworld.html</code>。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="cp"><!DOCTYPE html></span>
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<span class="nt"><html></span>
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<span class="nt"><head></span>
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<span class="nt"><script </span><span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"build/react.js"</span><span class="nt">></script></span>
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<span class="nt"><script </span><span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"build/JSXTransformer.js"</span><span class="nt">></script></span>
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<span class="nt"></head></span>
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<span class="nt"><body></span>
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<span class="nt"><div</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"example"</span><span class="nt">></div></span>
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<span class="nt"><script </span><span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"text/jsx"</span><span class="nt">></span>
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<span class="nx">React</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">render</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">h1</span><span class="o">></span><span class="nx">Hello</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">world</span><span class="o">!<</span><span class="err">/h1>,</span>
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<span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'example'</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">);</span>
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<span class="nt"></script></span>
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<span class="nt"></body></span>
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<span class="nt"></html></span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>在 JavaScript 代码里写着 XML 格式的代码称为 JSX；可以去 <a href="/react/docs/jsx-in-depth.html">JSX 语法</a> 里学习更多 JSX 相关的知识。为了把 JSX 转成标准的 JavaScript，我们用 <code><script type="text/jsx"></code> 标签包裹着含有 JSX 的代码，然后引入 <code>JSXTransformer.js</code> 库来实现在浏览器里的代码转换。</p>
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<h3><a class="anchor" name=""></a>分离文件 <a class="hash-link" href="#">#</a></h3>
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<p>你的 React JSX 代码文件可以写在另外的文件里。新建下面的 <code>src/helloworld.js</code>。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">React</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">render</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">h1</span><span class="o">></span><span class="nx">Hello</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">world</span><span class="o">!<</span><span class="err">/h1>,</span>
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<span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'example'</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">);</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>然后在 <code>helloworld.html</code> 引用该文件：</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt"><script </span><span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"text/jsx"</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"src/helloworld.js"</span><span class="nt">></script></span>
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</code></pre></div><h3><a class="anchor" name=""></a>离线转换 <a class="hash-link" href="#">#</a></h3>
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<p>先安装命令行工具（依赖 <a href="http://npmjs.org/">npm</a>）：</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">npm install -g react-tools
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>然后把你的 <code>src/helloworld.js</code> 文件转成标准的 JavaScript:</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">jsx --watch src/ build/
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>只要你修改了， <code>build/helloworld.js</code> 文件会自动生成。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">React</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">render</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="hll"> <span class="nx">React</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createElement</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'h1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Hello, world!'</span><span class="p">),</span>
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</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'example'</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">);</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>对照下面更新你的 HTML 代码</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="cp"><!DOCTYPE html></span>
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<span class="nt"><html></span>
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<span class="nt"><head></span>
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<span class="nt"><title></span>Hello React!<span class="nt"></title></span>
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<span class="nt"><script </span><span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"build/react.js"</span><span class="nt">></script></span>
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<span class="hll"> <span class="c"><!-- 不需要 JSXTransformer！ --></span>
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</span> <span class="nt"></head></span>
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<span class="nt"><body></span>
|
||
<span class="nt"><div</span> <span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">"example"</span><span class="nt">></div></span>
|
||
<span class="hll"> <span class="nt"><script </span><span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"build/helloworld.js"</span><span class="nt">></script></span>
|
||
</span> <span class="nt"></body></span>
|
||
<span class="nt"></html></span>
|
||
</code></pre></div><h2><a class="anchor" name="-commonjs"></a>想用 CommonJS？ <a class="hash-link" href="#-commonjs">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>如果你想在 <a href="http://browserify.org/">browserify</a>，<a href="http://webpack.github.io/">webpack</a> 或者或其它兼容CommonJS的模块系统里使用 React，只要使用 <a href="https://www.npmjs.org/package/react"><code>react</code> npm 包</a> 即可。而且，<code>jsx</code> 转换工具可以很轻松的地集成到大部分打包系统里（不仅仅是 CommonJS）。</p>
|
||
<h2><a class="anchor" name=""></a>下一步 <a class="hash-link" href="#">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>去看看<a href="/react/docs/tutorial.html">入门教程</a> 和入门教程包 <code>examples</code> 目录下的其它例子学习更多。</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>我们还有一个社区开发者共建的 Wiki：<a href="https://github.com/facebook/react/wiki/Complementary-Tools">workflows, UI-components, routing, data management etc.</a></p>
|
||
|
||
<p>恭喜你，欢迎来到 React 的世界。</p>
|
||
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<div class="docs-prevnext">
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<a class="docs-next" href="/react/docs/tutorial-zh-CN.html">Next →</a>
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<div class="left">
|
||
A Facebook & Instagram collaboration.<br>
|
||
<a href="/react/acknowledgements.html">Acknowledgements</a>
|
||
</div>
|
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<div class="right">
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© 2013–2015 Facebook Inc.<br>
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Documentation licensed under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a>.
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