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Paul O’Shannessy
171 lines
9.0 KiB
HTML
171 lines
9.0 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
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<title>React | Component Basics</title>
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<meta property="og:title" content="React | Component Basics" />
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<body>
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<div class="container">
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<div class="nav-main">
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<div class="wrap">
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<a class="nav-home" href="/react/index.html">
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<img class="nav-logo" alt="" src="/react/img/logo_small.png">
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React
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</a>
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<ul class="nav-site">
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<li><a href="/react/docs/getting-started.html" class="active">docs</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/support.html">support</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/downloads.html">download</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://github.com/facebook/react">github</a>
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</ul>
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<!-- <iframe src="http://ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=facebook&repo=react.js&type=fork"allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" scrolling="0" width="62" height="20"></iframe> -->
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<section class="content wrap documentationContent">
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<div class="nav-docs">
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<div class="nav-docs-section">
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<h3>Getting started</h3>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/getting-started.html">Getting Started</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/common-questions.html">Common Questions</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="nav-docs-section">
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<h3>Reference</h3>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/syntax.html">JSX Syntax</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/component-basics.html" class="active">Component Basics</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/component-data.html">Component Data</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/component-lifecycle.html">Component Lifecycle</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/event-handling.html">Event Handling</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/advanced-components.html">Advanced Components</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/mixins.html">Mixins</a></li>
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<li><a href="/react/docs/api.html">API</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="inner-content">
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<h1>Component Basics</h1>
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<div class="subHeader">What are components?</div>
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<p><em>Components</em> are the basic units of composition in React. Components encapsulate
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the logic necessary to take input parameters and render markup. Components can
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be rendered into an existing DOM element on the page by using
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<code>React.renderComponent</code>:</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="javascript language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="c1">// Replaces everything in `document.body` with <div>Hello, world!</div>;</span>
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<span class="nx">React</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">renderComponent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">div</span><span class="o">></span><span class="nx">Hello</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">world</span><span class="o">!<</span><span class="err">/div>, document.body);</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>Keep in mind that <code><div></code> is <strong>not</strong> a DOM element! Keep reading...</p>
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<h2>Types of Components</h2>
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<p>There are two types of components:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>Composite Components</strong></li>
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<li><strong>DOM Components</strong></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Composite Components <small>such as <code>TodoApp</code> and <code>Typeahead</code>.</small></h3>
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<p>The majority of your React code will be implementing composite components.</p>
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<p>Composite components are higher-level components with custom rendering logic
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that may compose other composite components or DOM components.</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="javascript language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="cm">/** @jsx React.DOM */</span>
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<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">LinkButton</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">React</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createClass</span><span class="p">({</span>
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<span class="nx">render</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">return</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">a</span> <span class="nx">className</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"btn"</span> <span class="o">/></span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">});</span>
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<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">myButton</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">LinkButton</span> <span class="o">/></span><span class="p">;</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>This example defines a <code>LinkButton</code> component class using <code>React.createClass()</code>,
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and its <code>render()</code> method composes the <code><a></code> DOM component.</p>
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<h3>DOM Components <small>such as <code>div</code> and <code>span</code>.</small></h3>
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<p>DOM components are the set of classes that correspond to browser DOM elements.
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They are defined in <code>React.DOM</code> and can be brought "into scope" by setting
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<code>@jsx React.DOM</code> in the docblock. See <a href="syntax.html">JSX Syntax</a> for more
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details.</p>
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<p>Although <code>React.DOM</code> components look like browser DOM elements, they differ in a
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few ways:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>All property names, including event handlers, are camelCased.</li>
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<li>JavaScript identifiers should be used, namely <code>className</code> and <code>htmlFor</code>.</li>
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<li>The <code>style</code> prop expects an object instead of a string. The object should map
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camelCased style properties to values, e.g. <code>{backgroundColor: '#fff'}</code>.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Here is an example of a React link styled as a button with a click handler:</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="javascript language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="cm">/** @jsx React.DOM */</span>
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<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">handleClick</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kd">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">alert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Clicked!'</span><span class="p">);};</span>
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<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">inlineStyle</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">textDecoration</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s1">'none'</span><span class="p">};</span>
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<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">myLink</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">a</span> <span class="nx">className</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"btn"</span> <span class="nx">onClick</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">handleClick</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="nx">style</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">inlineStyle</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">/></span><span class="p">;</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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