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609 lines
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<title>测试工具 | React</title>
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<h3>Flux</h3>
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<a href="https://facebook.github.io/flux/docs/todo-list.html" class="external">Flux TodoMVC Tutorial</a>
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<!-- Tips Nav -->
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<h3>Tips</h3>
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<ul>
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<a href="/react/tips/introduction.html">Introduction</a>
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<a href="/react/tips/inline-styles.html">Inline Styles</a>
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<a href="/react/tips/if-else-in-JSX.html">If-Else in JSX</a>
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<a href="/react/tips/self-closing-tag.html">Self-Closing Tag</a>
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<a href="/react/tips/maximum-number-of-jsx-root-nodes.html">Maximum Number of JSX Root Nodes</a>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/style-props-value-px.html">Shorthand for Specifying Pixel Values in style props</a>
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<a href="/react/tips/children-props-type.html">Type of the Children props</a>
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<a href="/react/tips/controlled-input-null-value.html">Value of null for Controlled Input</a>
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<a href="/react/tips/componentWillReceiveProps-not-triggered-after-mounting.html">componentWillReceiveProps Not Triggered After Mounting</a>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/props-in-getInitialState-as-anti-pattern.html">Props in getInitialState Is an Anti-Pattern</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/dom-event-listeners.html">DOM Event Listeners in a Component</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/initial-ajax.html">Load Initial Data via AJAX</a>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/false-in-jsx.html">False in JSX</a>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/communicate-between-components.html">Communicate Between Components</a>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/expose-component-functions.html">Expose Component Functions</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/children-undefined.html">this.props.children undefined</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/use-react-with-other-libraries.html">Use React with Other Libraries</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="/react/tips/dangerously-set-inner-html.html">Dangerously Set innerHTML</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="inner-content">
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<h1>
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测试工具
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<a class="edit-page-link" href="https://github.com/facebook/react/tree/master/docs/docs/10.4-test-utils.zh-CN.md" target="_blank">Edit on GitHub</a>
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</h1>
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<div class="subHeader"></div>
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<p><code>ReactTestUtils</code> 使你在你选择的测试框架中 (我们使用 <a href="https://facebook.github.io/jest/">Jest</a>) 测试 React 组件变得容易。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-text" data-lang="text">var ReactTestUtils = require('react-addons-test-utils');
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</code></pre></div><h3><a class="anchor" name="simulate"></a>Simulate <a class="hash-link" href="#simulate">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">Simulate</span><span class="p">.{</span><span class="nx">eventName</span><span class="p">}(</span>
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<span class="nx">DOMElement</span> <span class="nx">element</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">object</span> <span class="nx">eventData</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">)</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>模拟一个在 DOM 节点上带有可选 <code>eventData</code> 事件数据的事件派遣（event dispatch）。<strong>这可能是 <code>ReactTestUtils</code> 里单独最有用的工具。</strong></p>
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<p><strong>点击一个元素</strong></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="c1">// <button ref="button">...</button></span>
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<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">refs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">button</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nx">ReactTestUtils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Simulate</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">click</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p><strong>改变 input 域的值然后点击 回车。</strong></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="c1">// <input ref="input" /></span>
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<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">refs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">input</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'giraffe'</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="nx">ReactTestUtils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Simulate</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">change</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<span class="nx">ReactTestUtils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Simulate</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">keyDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"Enter"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">keyCode</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">13</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">which</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">13</span><span class="p">});</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p><em>注意你将必须提供任何你在你的组件里使用的事件属性（例如 keyCode, which, 等等）因为React没有为你创建任何这类东西。</em></p>
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<p><code>Simulate</code> has a method for <a href="/react/docs/events.html#supported-events">every event that React understands</a>.</p>
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<h3><a class="anchor" name="renderintodocument"></a>renderIntoDocument <a class="hash-link" href="#renderintodocument">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">renderIntoDocument</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="nx">ReactElement</span> <span class="nx">instance</span>
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<span class="p">)</span>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>渲染一个组件到 document 里的 detached DOM 节点。<strong>这个函数需要一个 DOM。</strong></p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>注意:</p>
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<p>在你 import React <strong>之前</strong>，你需要让 <code>window</code>, <code>window.document</code> 和 <code>window.document.createElement</code> 全局可用。
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不然 React 会认为它不能访问 DOM 然后类似 <code>setState</code> 的方法会不工作。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3><a class="anchor" name="mockcomponent"></a>mockComponent <a class="hash-link" href="#mockcomponent">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">object</span> <span class="nx">mockComponent</span><span class="p">(</span>
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<span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">componentClass</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">string</span> <span class="nx">mockTagName</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="p">)</span>
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</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>传入一个 mocked 组件模块到这个方法来给它增加有用的方法，使它可以被用作 dummy React 组件。代替像通常一样的渲染，组件会成为一个简单的包含了任意被提供的子级的 <code><div></code> （或者其他 tag 名，如果提供了 <code>mockTagName</code>）</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="iselement"></a>isElement <a class="hash-link" href="#iselement">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="kr">boolean</span> <span class="nx">isElement</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactElement</span> <span class="nx">element</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>返回 <code>true</code> 如果 <code>element</code> 是任意的 ReactElement。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="iselementoftype"></a>isElementOfType <a class="hash-link" href="#iselementoftype">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="kr">boolean</span> <span class="nx">isElementOfType</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactElement</span> <span class="nx">element</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">componentClass</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>返回 <code>true</code> 如果 <code>element</code> 是一个类型是 React <code>componentClass</code> 的 ReactElement。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="isdomcomponent"></a>isDOMComponent <a class="hash-link" href="#isdomcomponent">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="kr">boolean</span> <span class="nx">isDOMComponent</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">instance</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>返回 <code>true</code> 如果 <code>instance</code> 是一个 DOM 组件 （比如一个 <code><div></code> 或者 <code><span></code>）。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="iscompositecomponent"></a>isCompositeComponent <a class="hash-link" href="#iscompositecomponent">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="kr">boolean</span> <span class="nx">isCompositeComponent</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">instance</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>返回 <code>true</code> 如果 <code>instance</code> 是一个复合组件 （由 <code>React.createClass()</code> 创建）。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="iscompositecomponentwithtype"></a>isCompositeComponentWithType <a class="hash-link" href="#iscompositecomponentwithtype">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="kr">boolean</span> <span class="nx">isCompositeComponentWithType</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">instance</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">componentClass</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>返回 <code>true</code> 如果 <code>instance</code> 是一个类型为 React <code>componentClass</code> 的复合组件 （由 <code>React.createClass()</code> 创建）。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="findallinrenderedtree"></a>findAllInRenderedTree <a class="hash-link" href="#findallinrenderedtree">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">array</span> <span class="nx">findAllInRenderedTree</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">test</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>遍历 <code>tree</code> 里所有的组件，并累积所有 <code>test(component)</code> 为 <code>true</code> 的组件。它本身并没有什么用，但是它被用作其他测试工具的基本元素。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="scryrendereddomcomponentswithclass"></a>scryRenderedDOMComponentsWithClass <a class="hash-link" href="#scryrendereddomcomponentswithclass">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">array</span> <span class="nx">scryRenderedDOMComponentsWithClass</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">string</span> <span class="nx">className</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>在渲染的树中查找所有 DOM组件的类名匹配<code>className</code> 的组件实例。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="findrendereddomcomponentwithclass"></a>findRenderedDOMComponentWithClass <a class="hash-link" href="#findrendereddomcomponentwithclass">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">findRenderedDOMComponentWithClass</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">string</span> <span class="nx">className</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>类似 <code>scryRenderedDOMComponentsWithClass()</code> 除了只有一个返回结果，并且要么返回这个结果，要么如果还有其他的匹配项就抛出一个异常。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="scryrendereddomcomponentswithtag"></a>scryRenderedDOMComponentsWithTag <a class="hash-link" href="#scryrendereddomcomponentswithtag">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">array</span> <span class="nx">scryRenderedDOMComponentsWithTag</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">string</span> <span class="nx">tagName</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>在渲染的树中查找所有 DOM 组件的 tag 名匹配 <code>tagName</code> 的组件实例。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="findrendereddomcomponentwithtag"></a>findRenderedDOMComponentWithTag <a class="hash-link" href="#findrendereddomcomponentwithtag">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">findRenderedDOMComponentWithTag</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">string</span> <span class="nx">tagName</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>类似 <code>scryRenderedDOMComponentsWithTag()</code> 除了只有一个返回结果，并且要么返回这个结果，要么如果还有其他的匹配项就抛出一个异常。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="scryrenderedcomponentswithtype"></a>scryRenderedComponentsWithType <a class="hash-link" href="#scryrenderedcomponentswithtype">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">array</span> <span class="nx">scryRenderedComponentsWithType</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">componentClass</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>查找所有类型等于 <code>componentClass</code> 的组件实例。</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" name="findrenderedcomponentwithtype"></a>findRenderedComponentWithType <a class="hash-link" href="#findrenderedcomponentwithtype">#</a></h3><div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">findRenderedComponentWithType</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactComponent</span> <span class="nx">tree</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">componentClass</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>类似 <code>scryRenderedComponentsWithType()</code> 除了只有一个返回结果，并且要么返回这个结果，要么如果还有其他的匹配项就抛出一个异常。</p>
|
||
<h2><a class="anchor" name="shallow-rendering"></a>Shallow rendering（浅渲染） <a class="hash-link" href="#shallow-rendering">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>浅渲染是一个实验性特性，让你渲染一个组件为 "one level deep" 并且断言渲染方法返回的内容，不用担心子组件的行为，它们没有被实例化或者渲染。这个方式不需要一个 DOM。</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">ReactShallowRenderer</span> <span class="nx">createRenderer</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>在你的测试里调用它来创建一个浅渲染器。你可以把它想做是一个你渲染你要测试的组件的 "地方"，它可以自己响应事件并更新。</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">shallowRenderer</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">render</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">ReactElement</span> <span class="nx">element</span>
|
||
<span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>类似于 <code>ReactDOM.render</code>。</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="nx">ReactElement</span> <span class="nx">shallowRenderer</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getRenderOutput</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>在 <code>render</code> 被调用后，返回一个浅渲染的输出。你可以接着断言输出的内容。例如，如果你的组件的渲染方法返回：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">div</span><span class="o">></span>
|
||
<span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">span</span> <span class="nx">className</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"heading"</span><span class="o">></span><span class="nx">Title</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="err">/span></span>
|
||
<span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">Subcomponent</span> <span class="nx">foo</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"bar"</span> <span class="o">/></span>
|
||
<span class="o"><</span><span class="err">/div></span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>然后你可以断言：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">renderer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">ReactTestUtils</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createRenderer</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">renderer</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getRenderOutput</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">type</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">toBe</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'div'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<span class="nx">expect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">props</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">children</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">toEqual</span><span class="p">([</span>
|
||
<span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">span</span> <span class="nx">className</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"heading"</span><span class="o">></span><span class="nx">Title</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="err">/span>,</span>
|
||
<span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">Subcomponent</span> <span class="nx">foo</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"bar"</span> <span class="o">/></span>
|
||
<span class="p">]);</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p>浅测试现在有一些限制，即不支持 refs。我们在早期发布这个特性，并感激 React 社区关于它应该如何演化的反馈。</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="docs-prevnext">
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<a class="docs-prev" href="/react/docs/two-way-binding-helpers-zh-CN.html">← Prev</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
<footer class="wrap">
|
||
<div class="left">
|
||
A Facebook & Instagram collaboration.<br>
|
||
<a href="/react/acknowledgements.html">Acknowledgements</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="right">
|
||
© 2013–2016 Facebook Inc.<br>
|
||
Documentation licensed under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a>.
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