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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/><title>Generating Signed APK · React Native</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><meta name="generator" content="Docusaurus"/><meta name="description" content="Android requires that all apps be digitally signed with a certificate before they can be installed, so to distribute your Android application via [Google Play store](https://play.google.com/store), you'll need to generate a signed release APK. The [Signing Your Applications](https://developer.android.com/tools/publishing/app-signing.html) page on Android Developers documentation describes the topic in detail. This guide covers the process in brief, as well as lists the steps required to package the JavaScript bundle."/><meta name="docsearch:version" content="next"/><meta name="docsearch:language" content="en"/><meta property="og:title" content="Generating Signed APK · React Native"/><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://facebook.github.io/react-native/index.html"/><meta property="og:description" content="Android requires that all apps be digitally signed with a certificate before they can be installed, so to distribute your Android application via [Google Play store](https://play.google.com/store), you'll need to generate a signed release APK. The [Signing Your Applications](https://developer.android.com/tools/publishing/app-signing.html) page on Android Developers documentation describes the topic in detail. This guide covers the process in brief, as well as lists the steps required to package the JavaScript bundle."/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/react-native/img/favicon.png"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/docsearch.js/1/docsearch.min.css"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.12.0/styles/solarized-dark.min.css"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://facebook.github.io/react-native/blog/atom.xml" title="React Native Blog ATOM Feed"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="https://facebook.github.io/react-native/blog/feed.xml" title="React Native Blog RSS Feed"/><script>
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</script></nav></div><div class="container mainContainer"><div class="wrapper"><div class="post"><header class="postHeader"><a class="edit-page-link button" href="https://github.com/facebook/react-native-website/blob/master/docs/signed-apk-android.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edit</a><h1 class="postHeaderTitle">Generating Signed APK</h1></header><article><div><span><p>Android requires that all apps be digitally signed with a certificate before they can be installed, so to distribute your Android application via <a href="https://play.google.com/store">Google Play store</a>, you'll need to generate a signed release APK. The <a href="https://developer.android.com/tools/publishing/app-signing.html">Signing Your Applications</a> page on Android Developers documentation describes the topic in detail. This guide covers the process in brief, as well as lists the steps required to package the JavaScript bundle.</p>
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<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="generating-a-signing-key"></a><a href="#generating-a-signing-key" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Generating a signing key</h3>
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<p>You can generate a private signing key using <code>keytool</code>. On Windows <code>keytool</code> must be run from <code>C:\Program Files\Java\jdkx.x.x_x\bin</code>.</p>
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<pre><code class="hljs">$ keytool -genkey -v -keystore my-release-key.keystore -alias my-key-alias -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000
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</code></pre>
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<p>This command prompts you for passwords for the keystore and key and for the Distinguished Name fields for your key. It then generates the keystore as a file called <code>my-release-key.keystore</code>.</p>
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<p>The keystore contains a single key, valid for 10000 days. The alias is a name that you will use later when signing your app, so remember to take note of the alias.</p>
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<p>On Mac, if you're not sure where your jdk bin folder is, then perform the following command to find it:</p>
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<pre><code class="hljs">$ /usr/libexec/java_home
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||
</code></pre>
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<p>It will output the directory of the jdk, which will look something like this:</p>
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<pre><code class="hljs">/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdkX.X.X_XXX.jdk/Contents/Home
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</code></pre>
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<p>Navigate to that directory by using the command <code>$ cd /your/jdk/path</code> and use the keytool command with sudo permission as shown below.</p>
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<pre><code class="hljs">$ sudo keytool -genkey -v -keystore my-release-key.keystore -alias my-key-alias -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -validity 10000
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</code></pre>
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<p><em>Note: Remember to keep your keystore file private and never commit it to version control.</em></p>
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<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="setting-up-gradle-variables"></a><a href="#setting-up-gradle-variables" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Setting up gradle variables</h3>
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<ol>
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||
<li>Place the <code>my-release-key.keystore</code> file under the <code>android/app</code> directory in your project folder.</li>
|
||
<li>Edit the file <code>~/.gradle/gradle.properties</code> or <code>android/gradle.properties</code>, and add the following (replace <code>*****</code> with the correct keystore password, alias and key password),</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<pre><code class="hljs"><span class="hljs-attr">MYAPP_RELEASE_STORE_FILE</span>=my-release-key.keystore
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">MYAPP_RELEASE_KEY_ALIAS</span>=my-key-alias
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">MYAPP_RELEASE_STORE_PASSWORD</span>=*****
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">MYAPP_RELEASE_KEY_PASSWORD</span>=*****
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>These are going to be global gradle variables, which we can later use in our gradle config to sign our app.</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p><strong>Note about saving the keystore:</strong></p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>Once you publish the app on the Play Store, you will need to republish your app under a different package name (losing all downloads and ratings) if you want to change the signing key at any point. So backup your keystore and don't forget the passwords.</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p><em>Note about security: If you are not keen on storing your passwords in plaintext, and you are running OSX, you can also <a href="https://pilloxa.gitlab.io/posts/safer-passwords-in-gradle/">store your credentials in the Keychain Access app</a>. Then you can skip the two last rows in <code>~/.gradle/gradle.properties</code>.</em></p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="adding-signing-config-to-your-app-s-gradle-config"></a><a href="#adding-signing-config-to-your-app-s-gradle-config" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Adding signing config to your app's gradle config</h3>
|
||
<p>Edit the file <code>android/app/build.gradle</code> in your project folder, and add the signing config,</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="hljs css languages- gradle">...
|
||
android {
|
||
...
|
||
defaultConfig { ... }
|
||
signingConfigs {
|
||
release {
|
||
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">project</span>.hasProperty(<span class="hljs-string">'MYAPP_RELEASE_STORE_FILE'</span>)) {
|
||
storeFile <span class="hljs-keyword">file</span>(MYAPP_RELEASE_STORE_FILE)
|
||
storePassword MYAPP_RELEASE_STORE_PASSWORD
|
||
keyAlias MYAPP_RELEASE_KEY_ALIAS
|
||
keyPassword MYAPP_RELEASE_KEY_PASSWORD
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
buildTypes {
|
||
release {
|
||
...
|
||
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
...
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="generating-the-release-apk"></a><a href="#generating-the-release-apk" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Generating the release APK</h3>
|
||
<p>Simply run the following in a terminal:</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="hljs css languages- sh">$ <span class="hljs-built_in">cd</span> android
|
||
$ ./gradlew assembleRelease
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>Gradle's <code>assembleRelease</code> will bundle all the JavaScript needed to run your app into the APK. If you need to change the way the JavaScript bundle and/or drawable resources are bundled (e.g. if you changed the default file/folder names or the general structure of the project), have a look at <code>android/app/build.gradle</code> to see how you can update it to reflect these changes.</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>Note: Make sure gradle.properties does not include <em>org.gradle.configureondemand=true</em> as that will make the release build skip bundling JS and assets into the APK.</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>The generated APK can be found under <code>android/app/build/outputs/apk/app-release.apk</code>, and is ready to be distributed.</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="testing-the-release-build-of-your-app"></a><a href="#testing-the-release-build-of-your-app" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Testing the release build of your app</h3>
|
||
<p>Before uploading the release build to the Play Store, make sure you test it thoroughly. First uninstall any previous version of the app you already have installed. Install it on the device using:</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="hljs css languages- sh">$ react-native run-android --variant=release
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>Note that <code>--variant=release</code> is only available if you've set up signing as described above.</p>
|
||
<p>You can kill any running packager instances, since all your framework and JavaScript code is bundled in the APK's assets.</p>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="split-apks-by-abi-to-reduce-file-size"></a><a href="#split-apks-by-abi-to-reduce-file-size" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Split APKs by ABI to reduce file size</h3>
|
||
<p>By default, the generated APK has the native code for both x86 and ARMv7a CPU architectures. This makes it easier to share APKs that run on almost all Android devices. However, this has the downside that there will be some unused native code on any device, leading to unnecessarily bigger APKs.</p>
|
||
<p>You can create an APK for each CPU by changing the following line in android/app/build.gradle:</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="hljs css languages- diff"><span class="hljs-deletion">- ndk {</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-deletion">- abiFilters "armeabi-v7a", "x86"</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-deletion">- }</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-deletion">- def enableSeparateBuildPerCPUArchitecture = false</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-addition">+ def enableSeparateBuildPerCPUArchitecture = true</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>Upload both these files to markets which support device targetting, such as <a href="https://developer.android.com/google/play/publishing/multiple-apks.html">Google Play</a> and <a href="https://developer.amazon.com/docs/app-submission/getting-started-with-device-targeting.html">Amazon AppStore</a>, and the users will automatically get the appropriate APK. If you want to upload to other markets, such as <a href="https://www.apkfiles.com/">APKFiles</a>, which do not support multiple APKs for a single app, change the following line as well to create the default universal APK with binaries for both CPUs.</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="hljs css languages- diff"><span class="hljs-deletion">- universalApk false // If true, also generate a universal APK</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-addition">+ universalApk true // If true, also generate a universal APK</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="enabling-proguard-to-reduce-the-size-of-the-apk-optional"></a><a href="#enabling-proguard-to-reduce-the-size-of-the-apk-optional" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Enabling Proguard to reduce the size of the APK (optional)</h3>
|
||
<p>Proguard is a tool that can slightly reduce the size of the APK. It does this by stripping parts of the React Native Java bytecode (and its dependencies) that your app is not using.</p>
|
||
<p><em><strong>IMPORTANT</strong>: Make sure to thoroughly test your app if you've enabled Proguard. Proguard often requires configuration specific to each native library you're using. See <code>app/proguard-rules.pro</code>.</em></p>
|
||
<p>To enable Proguard, edit <code>android/app/build.gradle</code>:</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="hljs css languages- gradle"><span class="hljs-comment">/**
|
||
* Run Proguard to shrink the Java bytecode in release builds.
|
||
*/</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> enableProguardInReleaseBuilds = <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
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