diff --git a/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/main/jni/first-party/fb/CMakeLists.txt b/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/main/jni/first-party/fb/CMakeLists.txt
index c3e3ecebbbd..16eb9527e1b 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/main/jni/first-party/fb/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/main/jni/first-party/fb/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ add_compile_options(
         -Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable
         -DHAVE_POSIX_CLOCKS
 )
-if(${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES Release)
+if(NOT ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES Debug)
         add_compile_options(-DNDEBUG)
 endif()
 
diff --git a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/jsc/CMakeLists.txt b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/jsc/CMakeLists.txt
index 5db3ff62a01..c5c17fb4048 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/jsc/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/jsc/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -34,6 +34,6 @@ target_link_libraries(jscruntime
 # Android has this enabled by default, but the flag is still needed for iOS.
 target_compile_options(jscruntime PRIVATE -DRN_FABRIC_ENABLED)
 
-if(${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES Release)
+if(NOT ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES Debug)
         target_compile_options(jscruntime PRIVATE -DNDEBUG)
 endif()
diff --git a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/debug/CMakeLists.txt b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/debug/CMakeLists.txt
index ccfc69872e7..cb3497e77a1 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/debug/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/packages/react-native/ReactCommon/react/debug/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -23,6 +23,6 @@ target_include_directories(react_debug PUBLIC ${REACT_COMMON_DIR})
 
 target_link_libraries(react_debug log folly_runtime)
 
-if(${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES Release)
+if(NOT ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES Debug)
         target_compile_options(react_debug PUBLIC -DNDEBUG)
 endif()