Bump minimum Node.js version to 22.14.0 (#51840)

Summary:
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/51840

Bumps the minimum version of Node.js in React Native to the current active LTS release (22.x, upgraded from 18.x which is now out of support).

- CI configurations are reduced from `[22, 20, 18]` to `[24, 22]`.

{F1978909878}

See https://nodejs.org/en/about/previous-releases.

Changelog:
[General][Breaking] - Our new minimum Node version is Node.js 22

Reviewed By: yungsters, cortinico

Differential Revision: D76037015

fbshipit-source-id: b6e4b3ee279a9a93d716a13297420bba73f45250

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ body:
             path: /bin/zsh
         Binaries:
           Node: ...
-            version: 18.14.0
+            version: 22.14.0
         ...
       render: text
     validations:

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/debugger_bug_report.yml

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ body:
             path: /bin/zsh
         Binaries:
           Node: ...
-            version: 18.14.0
+            version: 22.14.0
         ...
       render: text
     validations:

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/new_architecture_bug_report.yml

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ body:
             path: /bin/zsh
         Binaries:
           Node: ...
-            version: 18.14.0
+            version: 22.14.0
         ...
       render: text
     validations:

.github/actions/lint/action.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ inputs:
   node-version:
     description: "The node.js version to use"
     required: false
-    default: "20"
+    default: "22"
   github-token:
     description: "The GitHub token used by pull-bot"
     required: true

.github/actions/setup-node/action.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ inputs:
   node-version:
     description: 'The node.js version to use'
     required: false
-    default: '20'
+    default: '22'
 runs:
   using: "composite"
   steps:

.github/actions/test-js/action.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ inputs:
   node-version:
     description: "The node.js version to use"
     required: false
-    default: "20"
+    default: "22"
 runs:
   using: composite
   steps:

.github/workflows/monitor-new-issues.yml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
-          node-version: '20'
+          node-version: '22'
       - name: Install dependencies
         uses:  ./.github/actions/yarn-install
       - name: Extract next oncall

.github/workflows/test-all.yml

@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        node-version: ["22", "20", "18"]
+        node-version: ["24", "22"]
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Run all the Linters
+      - name: Run all the linters
         uses: ./.github/actions/lint
         with:
           github-token: ${{ env.GH_TOKEN }}