Add error reporting examples to rn-tester turbo modules (#36729)

Summary:
This PR is adding examples of Turbo Modules functions throwing runtime exceptions and asserts. This should make it easier to collaborate and develop the error reporting for a new architecture that is being discussed in the React Native New Architecture Working Group -> https://github.com/reactwg/react-native-new-architecture/discussions/122.

I'm not sure what return type should be used for the JS function returning `Promise<void>` in Cxx, I used [`AsyncPromise<jsi::Value>`](https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/36729/files#diff-9cebc75f48fd35fd6fef71138f98dfd0ba28a754b2aab0d6fe44fd685f74ce16R135), what would you use, I've not found `void` type to use?

### Added functions

The table shows the current behavior.

<table>
<tr>
	<td> Function
	<td> Description
	<td> Turbo Module
	<td> Cxx Module
<tr>
	<td> voidFuncThrows
	<td> function with return type void throws a runtime exception
	<td> platform error no JS stack trace
	<td> JS error no native stack trace
<tr>
	<td> getObjectThrows
	<td> function with return type object throws a runtime exception
	<td> JS error no platform stack trace
	<td> JS error no native stack trace
<tr>
	<td> promiseThrows
	<td> function with return type promise throws a runtime exception before settling the promise
	<td> platform error no JS stack trace
	<td> JS error no native stack trace
<tr>
	<td> voidFuncAssert
	<td> function with return type void asserts
	<td> platform error no JS stack trace
	<td> native error no JS stack trace
<tr>
	<td> getObjectAssert
	<td> function with return type object asserts
	<td> JS error no platform stack trace
	<td> native error no JS stack trace
<tr>
	<td> promiseAssert
	<td> function with return type promise asserts before settling the promise
	<td> platform error no JS stack trace
	<td> native error no JS stack trace
</table>

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[INTERNAL] [ADDED] - Error reporting examples in rn-tester turbo modules

Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/36729

Test Plan:
This PR doesn't change any RN behavior. Only shows the current state by adding an example to rn-tester.

I'm happy to add these examples to the unit/integration test, just point me to where would be a good place.

Reviewed By: rshest

Differential Revision: D44623027

Pulled By: javache

fbshipit-source-id: d9cc04852b05d810ed11d7a94f1b2d455ef554a5

packages/rn-tester/js/examples/TurboModule/NativeCxxModuleExampleExample.js

@@ -56,7 +56,13 @@ type Examples =
   | 'rejectPromise'
   | 'voidFunc'
   | 'optionalArgs'
-  | 'emitDeviceEvent';
+  | 'emitDeviceEvent'
+  | 'voidFuncThrows'
+  | 'getObjectThrows'
+  | 'promiseThrows'
+  | 'voidFuncAssert'
+  | 'getObjectAssert'
+  | 'promiseAssert';
 
 class NativeCxxModuleExampleExample extends React.Component<{||}, State> {
   static contextType: React$Context<RootTag> = RootTagContext;
@@ -112,6 +118,50 @@ class NativeCxxModuleExampleExample extends React.Component<{||}, State> {
       });
       NativeCxxModuleExample?.emitCustomDeviceEvent(CUSTOM_EVENT_TYPE);
     },
+    voidFuncThrows: () => {
+      try {
+        NativeCxxModuleExample?.voidFuncThrows();
+      } catch (e) {
+        return e.message;
+      }
+    },
+    getObjectThrows: () => {
+      try {
+        NativeCxxModuleExample?.getObjectThrows({a: 1, b: 'foo', c: null});
+      } catch (e) {
+        return e.message;
+      }
+    },
+    promiseThrows: () => {
+      try {
+        // $FlowFixMe[unused-promise]
+        NativeCxxModuleExample?.promiseThrows();
+      } catch (e) {
+        return e.message;
+      }
+    },
+    voidFuncAssert: () => {
+      try {
+        NativeCxxModuleExample?.voidFuncAssert();
+      } catch (e) {
+        return e.message;
+      }
+    },
+    getObjectAssert: () => {
+      try {
+        NativeCxxModuleExample?.getObjectAssert({a: 1, b: 'foo', c: null});
+      } catch (e) {
+        return e.message;
+      }
+    },
+    promiseAssert: () => {
+      try {
+        // $FlowFixMe[unused-promise]
+        NativeCxxModuleExample?.promiseAssert();
+      } catch (e) {
+        return e.message;
+      }
+    },
   };
 
   _setResult(
@@ -155,9 +205,6 @@ class NativeCxxModuleExampleExample extends React.Component<{||}, State> {
         'Cannot load this example because TurboModule is not configured.',
       );
     }
-    Object.keys(this._tests).forEach(item =>
-      this._setResult(item, this._tests[item]()),
-    );
   }
 
   render(): React.Node {