Add error reporting examples to rn-tester turbo modules (#36729)

Summary:
This PR is adding examples of Turbo Modules functions throwing runtime exceptions and asserts. This should make it easier to collaborate and develop the error reporting for a new architecture that is being discussed in the React Native New Architecture Working Group -> https://github.com/reactwg/react-native-new-architecture/discussions/122.

I'm not sure what return type should be used for the JS function returning `Promise<void>` in Cxx, I used [`AsyncPromise<jsi::Value>`](https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/36729/files#diff-9cebc75f48fd35fd6fef71138f98dfd0ba28a754b2aab0d6fe44fd685f74ce16R135), what would you use, I've not found `void` type to use?

### Added functions

The table shows the current behavior.

<table>
<tr>
	<td> Function
	<td> Description
	<td> Turbo Module
	<td> Cxx Module
<tr>
	<td> voidFuncThrows
	<td> function with return type void throws a runtime exception
	<td> platform error no JS stack trace
	<td> JS error no native stack trace
<tr>
	<td> getObjectThrows
	<td> function with return type object throws a runtime exception
	<td> JS error no platform stack trace
	<td> JS error no native stack trace
<tr>
	<td> promiseThrows
	<td> function with return type promise throws a runtime exception before settling the promise
	<td> platform error no JS stack trace
	<td> JS error no native stack trace
<tr>
	<td> voidFuncAssert
	<td> function with return type void asserts
	<td> platform error no JS stack trace
	<td> native error no JS stack trace
<tr>
	<td> getObjectAssert
	<td> function with return type object asserts
	<td> JS error no platform stack trace
	<td> native error no JS stack trace
<tr>
	<td> promiseAssert
	<td> function with return type promise asserts before settling the promise
	<td> platform error no JS stack trace
	<td> native error no JS stack trace
</table>

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[INTERNAL] [ADDED] - Error reporting examples in rn-tester turbo modules

Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/react-native/pull/36729

Test Plan:
This PR doesn't change any RN behavior. Only shows the current state by adding an example to rn-tester.

I'm happy to add these examples to the unit/integration test, just point me to where would be a good place.

Reviewed By: rshest

Differential Revision: D44623027

Pulled By: javache

fbshipit-source-id: d9cc04852b05d810ed11d7a94f1b2d455ef554a5

packages/rn-tester/NativeCxxModuleExample/NativeCxxModuleExample.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "NativeCxxModuleExample.h"
+#include <react/debug/react_native_assert.h>
 
 namespace facebook::react {
 
@@ -142,4 +143,42 @@ void NativeCxxModuleExample::emitCustomDeviceEvent(
       });
 }
 
+void NativeCxxModuleExample::voidFuncThrows(jsi::Runtime &rt) {
+  throw std::runtime_error("Intentional exception from Cxx voidFuncThrows");
+};
+
+ObjectStruct NativeCxxModuleExample::getObjectThrows(
+    jsi::Runtime &rt,
+    ObjectStruct arg) {
+  throw std::runtime_error("Intentional exception from Cxx getObjectThrows");
+};
+
+AsyncPromise<jsi::Value> NativeCxxModuleExample::promiseThrows(
+    jsi::Runtime &rt) {
+  throw std::runtime_error("Intentional exception from Cxx promiseThrows");
+};
+
+void NativeCxxModuleExample::voidFuncAssert(jsi::Runtime &rt) {
+  react_native_assert(false && "Intentional assert from Cxx voidFuncAssert");
+};
+
+ObjectStruct NativeCxxModuleExample::getObjectAssert(
+    jsi::Runtime &rt,
+    ObjectStruct arg) {
+  react_native_assert(false && "Intentional assert from Cxx getObjectAssert");
+
+  // Asserts disabled
+  return {};
+};
+
+AsyncPromise<jsi::Value> NativeCxxModuleExample::promiseAssert(
+    jsi::Runtime &rt) {
+  react_native_assert(false && "Intentional assert from Cxx promiseAssert");
+
+  // Asserts disabled
+  auto promise = AsyncPromise<jsi::Value>(rt, jsInvoker_);
+  promise.reject("Asserts disabled");
+  return promise;
+};
+
 } // namespace facebook::react